UK Chancellor Archives - Taking Stock

April 16, 2026April 16, 2026

The UK economy experienced faster-than-expected growth in the period leading up to the Iran war – February 2026

The ONS’s February 2026 figures delivered a rare upside surprise: UK GDP rose 0.5% month‑on‑month, the strongest expansion in more than two years and five times the consensus forecast of 0.1%.

How can forecasts be so wrong?

January2026 was also revised up to 0.1%, overturning the earlier flat reading. On the surface, this looks like the economy finally pulling out of its shallow recession.

In reality, it is a snapshot of momentum that has already been overtaken by events.

Services mani

The growth was broad‑based. Services, which make up over three‑quarters of the economy, expanded 0.5%, marking a fourth consecutive monthly rise.

Production also grew 0.5%, and construction jumped 1.0%. Even the three‑month measure—less noisy than monthly data—showed UK GDP up 0.5%, compared with 0.3% previously. This is the kind of balanced improvement policymakers have been waiting for.

But the timing matters. These numbers capture the economy before the U.S.-Israel-Iran conflict triggered a fresh energy shock at the end of February.

IMF downgrade

Since then, petrol, diesel and heating oil prices have surged, mortgage rates have ticked higher as markets price out rate cuts, and the IMF has downgraded the UK’s 2026 growth outlook to 0.8%.

So February’s strength is real—but it is also backward‑looking. The challenge now is whether any of that momentum survives the shock hitting households and firms this spring.

April 16, 2026April 15, 2026

Why does the UK have a serious issue with jet fuel supply

Britain’s jet fuel problem is the predictable result of a long, quiet erosion of refining capacity colliding with a geopolitical shock and decades of under investment.

The country now imports three times more kerosene than it produces, and the Middle East crisis has exposed just how thin those supply lines have become.

A system built on shrinking refineries

The UK once had 18 refineries; today it has just four. Closures at Lindsey and Grangemouth last year removed two critical plants, including Scotland’s only kerosene supplier.

The remaining refineries — Fawley, Humber, Pembroke and Stanlow — supply most domestic needs but cannot meet jet fuel demand.

Output has fallen 41% since 2000, driven by poor investment returns, high carbon costs, and the government’s push toward electrification reducing demand for other fuels.

This leaves Britain structurally dependent on imports for diesel and, crucially, kerosene.

The kerosene dependency

Jet fuel demand is unusually high because of Heathrow’s role as a global hub. In 2024, the UK was the second‑largest jet fuel consumer in the OECD, behind only the U.S.

Yet domestic production covers only a fraction of that. Britain reportedly imported around 3.1 times more kerosene than it produced in 2024.

And the sources of those imports are concentrated: 60% come from Saudi Arabia, the UAE and Kuwait, making the UK acutely exposed to any disruption in the Strait of Hormuz.

The real vulnerability: almost no stockpiles

Britain holds just one month’s worth of jet fuel reserves, far lower than most advanced economies. When Middle Eastern supply is threatened, the UK has no buffer.

European alternatives exist — notably the Netherlands and Antwerp — but prices have already doubled, and airlines are preparing to cut capacity.

The bigger picture

This is not a sudden crisis but the culmination of two decades of under‑investment, policy drift and over‑reliance on global markets.

Jet fuel is simply the first commodity where the structural weakness has become impossible to ignore.

The UK needs to get a grip!

A ‘systemic’ jet fuel shortage is brewing in Europe if the U.S. led Iran war crisis isn’t resolved soon.

November 13, 2025November 13, 2025

The UK economy grew by just 0.1% in the third quarter of 2025, a figure that casts a shadow over the government’s upcoming Autumn Budget

The Office for National Statistics confirmed that GDP expanded by a mere 0.1% between July and September 2025, down from 0.3% in the previous quarter and below economists’ low expectations of 0.2%.

This ‘painstakingly low and feeble growth’ reflects weak consumer demand, faltering production, and persistent inflationary pressures.

For Chancellor Rachel Reeves, who will deliver her Budget on 26th November 2025, the numbers present a difficult backdrop. With unemployment edging higher and household finances under strain, calls for fiscal support are intensifying.

Yet speculation continues that Reeves will likely opt for tax rises to shore up public finances, a move that risks dampening already fragile growth.

The Bank of England may provide some relief if it cuts interest rates at its final meeting of the year, but monetary easing alone cannot offset structural weaknesses.

Business investment remains subdued, and September’s 2% drop in manufacturing output highlights the challenges facing industry. The JLR debacle didn’t help.

The Budget will therefore be a balancing act: stimulating growth without undermining fiscal credibility.

Today’s figures underline the urgency of that task.

Note:

Rachel Reeves’ 2024 Autumn Budget aimed to lay the groundwork for long-term growth, but it was not widely seen as a ‘growth budget’.

Many business leaders and analysts criticised it for dampening entrepreneurial momentum.

Reeves framed her first Budget as a reset for economic stability, following Labour’s July 2024 election win.

And here we are one year on from 2024 budget with virtually ZERO growth.

So, where now?

March 24, 2025September 12, 2025

UK government borrowing higher than expected in February 2025

In February 2025, UK government borrowing reached £10.7 billion, significantly exceeding the £6.5 billion forecast by the Office for Budget Responsibility (OBR)

This marks the fourth-highest borrowing figure for February since records began in 1993. The unexpected rise in borrowing has intensified pressure on Chancellor Rachel Reeves ahead of her upcoming Spring Statement.

The increase in borrowing is attributed to higher public sector spending, which totaled £93 billion for the month, driven by social benefits and investment expenditures.

Meanwhile, government receipts, primarily from taxes, rose to £87.7 billion but failed to offset the spending surge.

Over the financial year to date, borrowing has climbed to £132.2 billion, surpassing the OBR’s earlier projection of £127.5 billion for the entire fiscal year.

Economists warn that the higher-than-expected borrowing could challenge the Chancellor’s fiscal rules, which aim to reduce debt as a share of GDP by 2029/30.

With limited options, Reeves faces tough decisions, including potential spending cuts and tax adjustments, to maintain fiscal discipline.

The borrowing figures underscore the delicate balance between managing public finances and addressing economic pressures.

As the Spring Statement approaches, all eyes are on the Chancellor’s strategy to navigate these challenges while maintaining economic stability.

The Chancellor has allowed herself to be backed into a corner.

February 24, 2025September 12, 2025

UK Government finances in surplus but…

The UK government has announced a significant budget surplus for January 2025, marking a notable achievement in its fiscal management

The surplus, which is the difference between what the government spends and the tax it takes in, amounted to £15.4 billion. This figure represents the highest level for the month of January since records began over three decades ago.

However, despite this impressive surplus, the figure fell short of the Office for Budget Responsibility’s (OBR) forecast of £20.5 billion. The shortfall has increased pressure on Chancellor Rachel Reeves to meet her self-imposed fiscal rules.

The OBR, which monitors the government’s spending plans and performance, will release its latest outlook for the UK economy and public finances on 26 March 2025.

The surplus was driven by a surge in tax receipts, particularly from self-assessed taxes, which are typically higher in January compared to other months. However, the lower-than-expected tax receipts suggest underlying weaknesses in the UK economy.

The Office for National Statistics (ONS) reported that borrowing in the financial year to January 2025 was £118.2 billion, which is £11.6 billion more than at the same point last year.

The government now faces the challenge of balancing its fiscal rules with the need to support economic growth. Weak economic growth and higher borrowing costs have reduced the headroom available to the Chancellor, making it more difficult to meet her fiscal targets.

Economists have suggested that Reeves may need to consider raising taxes or cutting public spending to stay within her fiscal rules.

As the UK economy continues to navigate these challenges, the government’s ability to manage its finances effectively will be crucial in maintaining credibility with financial markets and ensuring long-term economic stability.

The upcoming Spring Forecast will be a critical moment for the UK Chancellor to outline her plans and address the fiscal challenges ahead

December 23, 2024September 12, 2025

UK economy had zero growth between July and September 2024 – bad to worse

Revised official figures indicate that the UK economy was weaker than initially estimated between July and September 2024. The economy experienced zero growth in these three months, down from an earlier estimate of 0.1%.

UK Chancellor, Rachel Reeves reportedly stated that the challenge to fix the economy “after 15 years of neglect is huge,” and October’s Budget would “deliver sustainable long-term growth, putting more money in people’s pockets.”

However, one of the UK’s leading business groups, the CBI, said its latest company survey suggested “the economy is headed for the worst of all worlds.”

The downward revisions will be a setback for Labour, which has prioritised boosting economic growth. It has promised to deliver the highest sustained economic growth in the G7 group of wealthy nations.

Separate figures released last week showed that inflation, the rate at which prices increase over time, is rising again at its fastest pace since March 2024. But it is close to the Bank of England target of 2%

The Bank of England voted to hold interest rates at the last meeting, stating that it believed the UK economy had performed worse than expected, with no growth between October and December 2024.

Businesses have warned that measures announced in October’s Budget, including a rise in employer national insurance and a higher minimum wage, could force them to raise prices and reduce the number new jobs.