Which of the AI bubble indicators are we already seeing? Should we be concerned?

Bubble in AI

We’re already seeing multiple classic bubble indicators: extreme valuations (Buffett Indicator, Shiller CAPE), record retail participation, AI-driven hype, and surging margin debt—all pointing to elevated risk.

Key Bubble Indicators Already Present

📈 Buffett Indicator (Market Cap to GDP) This ratio is at historically high levels, suggesting stocks are significantly overvalued relative to the economy. Warren Buffett himself has warned investors may be “playing with fire”.

📊 Shiller CAPE Ratio Another respected valuation metric, the cyclically adjusted price-to-earnings ratio, is also elevated—indicating unsustainable earnings multiples and potential for correction.

🧠 AI-driven speculation The rally is heavily concentrated in AI and tech stocks, with some analysts calling it a “toxic calm” before a crash. Search volume for ‘AI bubble‘ is at record highs, and billionaire Paul Tudor Jones has issued warnings.

📉 Retail investor frenzy A record 62% of Americans now own stocks, with $51 trillion at stake. This surge in retail participation is reminiscent of past bubbles, where optimism outpaces caution.

📌 New market highs The Nasdaq, S&P 500, and Dow have hit dozens of new highs in recent months. While bullish on the surface, this pace of gains often precedes sharp reversals.

💸 Margin debt and risk appetite Risk-taking is accelerating, with margin debt climbing and speculative behavior increasing. Analysts note this as a historically bad sign when paired with euphoric sentiment.

What’s Not Yet Peaking (But Worth Watching)

IPO and SPAC volume: While not at 2021 levels, any surge here could signal speculative excess.

Corporate earnings vs. valuations: Some firms still show strong earnings, but the disconnect is widening.

Narrative dominance: AI optimism is strong, but hasn’t fully eclipsed fundamentals—yet.

How far away are we from the AI bubble popping?

Will it deflate slowly or burst?

UK retail sales rebound slightly in June 2025 thanks to the sunny weather

Retail figures UK

The British retail sector saw a modest lift in June 2025, with sales volumes rising 0.9% month-on-month, according to figures released today by the Office for National Statistics.

☀️ Weather Wins Following May’s steep 2.8% decline, the warmest June on record helped drive spending on fuel ⛽, clothing 👕, and drinks 🥤. Supermarkets saw a 0.7% rise after last month’s slump, and automotive fuel sales jumped 2.8%, the strongest gain in over a year.

💻 Online Resilience E-commerce continued to thrive, with online retail up 2.3%, now accounting for 27.8% of all UK retail transactions.

Non-store sales have steadily outpaced traditional footfall, which remains weak in categories like household goods 🛋️ and second-hand stores.

📉 Cautious Optimism Despite the improvement, quarterly growth was a tepid 0.2%, and consumer confidence remains shaky amid inflationary pressure (CPI 3.6%) and speculation about forthcoming tax changes.

📍 Long View Retail volumes are still 1.6% below pre-pandemic benchmarks, highlighting a recovery that’s inching forward rather than sprinting.

China’s retail and industrial growth slows amid ongoing tariff driven economic uncertainty

China retail data

China’s economy showed signs of slowing in April 2025, with both retail sales and industrial output missing expectations.

Retail sales grew 5.1% year-on-year, falling short of analysts’ forecasts of 5.5% growth. The slowdown reflects weak consumer sentiment, driven by deflationary pressures and uncertainty in the housing market.

While categories like gold and jewellery (+25.3%) and furniture (+26.9%) saw strong growth, car sales stagnated at just 0.7%.

Industrial production expanded 6.1% year-on-year, down from 7.7% in March 2025. The decline was largely attributed to tariff trade war tensions, which have disrupted exports.

However, fixed-asset investment rose 4% in the first four months of 2025, signalling continued infrastructure spending.

Despite the slowdown, China remains confident in achieving its 5% GDP growth target for the year. The government has introduced stimulus measures, including interest rate cuts and liquidity injections, to stabilise the economy.

With global trade uncertainties and domestic economic challenges, China’s policymakers face a delicate balancing act to sustain growth while addressing structural weaknesses.

UK retailers reported a 0.5% rebound in July 2024

Retail UK

UK retail sales up

The rise came after a significant drop in sales volumes, which track the amount purchased, in June due to unfavorable weather affecting demand.

Last month, department stores and retailers of sports equipment saw an uptick in the volume of goods sold thanks to the Euro football tournament.

However, the Office for National Statistics (ONS), which provided the data, noted that it was a challenging month for clothing and furniture retailers, with fuel sales declining even as prices at the pump decreased.

Amazon plans discount store to fend off the rise of Temu and Shein

Online shopper

Amazon is reportedly preparing to launch a new store section on its site dedicated to low-priced fashion and lifestyle items.

The move is aimed at competing with e-commerce upstarts Temu and Shein, both of which have ties to China.

The new storefront will offer unbranded products, with numerous items priced below $20. Amazon plans to ship these goods directly from China, targeting a delivery window of round 10 days. This initiative is a strategic move by Amazon to counter increasing competition and broaden its assortment while preserving competitive pricing.

While the precise launch date has not been announced, the storefront is anticipated to begin accepting products in the autumn of 2024.

Retail trouble – UK sales hit lowest level since 2021 lockdowns

UK retail spending slows in October 2023

Shoppers bought less food and fuel in October 2023 as they were hit by rising living costs and poor weather, according to ONS data.

The volume of products sold last month fell by 0.3% to the lowest level since February 2021 when large parts of the UK were in Covid lockdowns. Retail sales had been expected to grow in October 2023.

The Office for National Statistics (ONS) said fuel purchases may have been ‘affected by increasing prices’.

Demand for other goods was also lower, the ONS reported.

The CNBC/NRF Retail Monitor, which tracks card transactions, also reported a drop in consumer spending in October 2023, with retail sales, excluding autos and petrol/diesel, falling by 0.08%, and core retail, which also removes restaurants, declining by 0.03%. 

The report suggested that the consumer took a spending break ahead of the holiday season, amid rising inflation, supply chain disruptions, and labour shortages.

UK inflation presented a bigger drop in October 2023 than expected – this will likely drive higher retail spending through the holiday period.

Higher pay and lower inflation will provide a lift through the Christmas 2023 holidays.