In June 2024, China’s imports fell by 2.3% year-on-year in U.S. dollar terms, missing the expected 2.8% growth forecast by analysts.
However, exports rose by 8.6%, surpassing the anticipated 8% growth. This resulted in a 2% increase in year-to-date imports and a 3.6% rise in exports for the first half of the year compared to the same period last year.
Additionally, China’s trade with the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) surged by 7.1% in the first half of the year, solidifying ASEAN as China’s largest regional trading partner, followed by the European Union.
Trade with Brazil grew rapidly in the first half of the year, with Chinese exports to the country surging by 24.4%.
China’s consumer price inflation rose by 0.2% in June 2024 from a year ago, falling short of expectations. Meanwhile, producer prices remained in line with forecasts.
Main points
Consumer Price Index (CPI)
China’s CPI was expected to rise by 0.4% year-on-year in June, according to poll conducted by Reuters. However, the actual increase was only 0.2%. Lacklustre domestic demand has contributed to keeping inflation subdued in China, unlike major economies such as the U.S., where prices have remained elevated.
Producer Price Index (PPI)
The PPI, which measures factory-gate prices, dropped by 0.8% from a year ago, aligning with expectations. This reflects the ongoing challenges faced by manufacturers and businesses.
Core CPI
Stripping out more volatile food and energy prices, core CPI rose by 0.6% year-on-year in June. While this is slightly slower than the 0.7% increase for the first six months of the year, it indicates a relatively stable inflation trend.
Pork and beef
Notably, pork prices surged by 18.1% in June compared to a year ago, while beef prices fell by 13.4%.
In summary, China’s inflation remains subdued due to weak demand, even as other global economies experience higher price pressures. Policymakers will closely monitor these trends to ensure economic stability.
Note: this information is based on data from the National Bureau of Statistics and reflects the situation as of 10th July 2024.
Tungsten is a critically important rare earth metal, renowned for its unique and valuable properties.
Tungsten has the highest melting point among all metals, which makes it exceptionally suitable for high-temperature applications.
Key aspects of its importance
Industrial and technological applications
Tungsten is used in many industries where hardness, high density, high wear resistance, and high-temperature resistance are required. This includes mining, construction, energy generation, electronics, aerospace, and defence sectors. It is used in weapons, autos, electric car batteries, semiconductors and industrial machinery.
Fact: approximately 2Kg of tungsten goes into every electric vehicle.
Alloys
Metals are frequently alloyed with Tungsten to enhance their strength without substantially adding to their weight. This property is vital for uses like arc-welding electrodes and heating elements in high-temperature furnaces.
Significance
Tungsten is acknowledged as a critical metal because of its economic significance and the scarcity of its sources. It is reported that China produces the majority of the world’s tungsten, controlling approximately 80% of the supply of this rare earth metal.
Durability and flexibility
Tungsten’s durability, flexibility, and resistance to corrosion contribute to its popularity across various industries and applications. It ranks among the hardest and most resilient materials found in nature.
These characteristics render tungsten not just crucial but also indispensable for numerous high-tech applications. The rarity of tungsten and the intricate nature of its extraction and refinement processes enhance its value even further.
World suppliers of tungsten
According to Statista.com the global tungsten market was valued at over $5 billion USD in 2022. It’s projected to grow significantly, with estimates suggesting it could reach over $9.5 billion USD by 2030
Over the last weekend of June 2024, China released its official PMI figures, with the manufacturing PMI remaining at 49.5, the same as in May 2024, indicating a second consecutive month of contraction.
On Monday 1st July 2024, Japan adjusted its first-quarter GDP figures, showing a contraction of 2.9% year-on-year, a revision from the previously reported 1.8%.
Asia markets started the second half 2024 mixed as investors assessed June business activity data from China as well as Japan’s GDP revision.
In May 2024, China’s retail sales exceeded forecasts, increasing by 3.7% from the previous year and surpassing the anticipated 3% rise.
Conversely, industrial output experienced a 5.6% growth on an annual basis, falling short of the projected 6% increment. Meanwhile, fixed asset investment saw a 4% increase from the previous May, narrowly missing the predicted 4.2% growth.
For the first time, automotive companies in China surpassed their U.S. counterparts in car sales last year, driven by BYD and expansion in emerging markets, according to a data released Thursday 13th July 2024.
Chinese brands such as BYD now at the forefront, reportedly sold 13.4 million new vehicles last year. In comparison, American brands sold approximately 11.9 million units. Japanese brands remained at the top with 23.59 million sales.
China’s sales growth rate surpassed that of the U.S., with a 23% rise from the previous year compared to the U.S.’s 9% increase.
The consistent high pricing by legacy automakers has inadvertently steered consumers towards more affordable Chinese alternatives.
No surprise here then as manufacturers milked profits from legacy lineups!
Tariffs have now been introduced on China to curb their automakers runaway success.
In a significant development that may affect the electric vehicle (EV) market, the European Union (EU) has tentatively agreed to levy tariffs on Chinese EV manufacturers.
This decision reportedly follows an inquiry into the surge of inexpensive, government-subsidized Chinese vehicles entering the EU market.
From 4th July 2024, Chinese EV producers who participated in the investigation will incur an average duty of 21%, while those who did not will face a substantial 38.1% tariff. Specific rates will be imposed on firms such as BYD, Geely, and SAIC.
Additionally, non-Chinese automobile companies manufacturing some EVs in China, including those based in the EU like BMW, will also be impacted. Tesla might receive a specially calculated duty rate upon request.
These levies are on top of the current 10% tariff on all electric cars manufactured in China. The EU’s action comes after the United States’ drastic measure last month to increase its tariff on Chinese electric cars from 25% to 100%.
Some critics view this anti-subsidy probe as protectionist, potentially harming China-EU economic relations and the worldwide automotive production and supply chain. The German Transport Minister has reportedly cautioned about the possibility of a trade conflict with Beijing.
Although the tariffs are intended to shield the EU’s own industry, they highlight the challenges of maintaining a balance between free trade and competitiveness in the swiftly changing EV sector.
Unless a qualified majority of EU nations opposes it, the tariffs will become permanent in November 2024. The European car industry stresses the need for free and fair trade but recognizes that promoting the adoption of electric cars requires a diverse strategy.
As the dispute over tariffs persists, the repercussions for the EV market are yet to be determined.
One thing is for sure, the consumer will suffer through these tariffs and also through extra road tax levies yet to be introduced, especially in the UK.
China’s exports in May increased more than anticipated, whereas imports fell short of expectations, according to customs data released on Friday 7th May 2024.
Exports increased by 7.6% in May from the previous year, surpassing the analysts’ expectations of 6% growth. Imports, however, increased by 1.8% during that time, missing forecasts of an expected 4% growth.
According to analysts’ calculations based on official data, China’s imports and exports to the U.S. and EU declined during that period. However, trade with the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) increased, with a 4.1% year-on-year rise in China’s exports to the region from January to May.
China’s exports to Russia decreased, but its imports from Russia grew by 7.5%. Despite trade tensions with the U.S., China’s exports have remained robust, contributing to the country’s overall economic growth.
On Wednesday 29th May 2024, the International Monetary Fund increased its projection for China’s economic growth this year to 5% from the previous 4.6%, citing robust first-quarter figures and recent policy actions.
This revision reportedly came after the IMF’s routine evaluation visit to China. The institution now predicts that China’s economy will expand by 4.5% in 2025, an increase from the earlier estimate of 4.1%.
However, by 2029, the IMF expects China’s growth to slow to 3.3%, influenced by an aging demographic and a decline in productivity growth. This is a decrease from the previous medium-term growth forecast of 3.5%.
China’s economy experienced a stronger-than-anticipated growth of 5.3% in the Q1, bolstered by robust exports. Meanwhile, April’s data indicated that consumer spending continued to be weak, although there was a resurgence in industrial activity.
This expansion occurs as the European Union investigates subsidies provided to Chinese electric vehicle manufacturers, a situation that may lead to the imposition of tariffs.
In May 2024 Nio opened a new EV showroom in Amsterdam, while Xpeng introduced its G9 and G6 sports utility vehicles in France.
Over the years, China’s electric vehicle industry has flourished due to the government’s incentives and support, raising concerns among politicians in Europe and the U.S.
Public marketing campaigns are unfolding against the backdrop of a European Commission investigation into subsidies provided to Chinese electric vehicle manufacturers. The outcome of this inquiry may result in EU tariffs being imposed on Chinese EV imports.
The United States has preempted such measures, with the Biden administration enacting a 100% tariff on Chinese EV imports.
Meanwhile, Chinese EV producers are intensifying their international expansion efforts, aiming to compete with Elon Musk’s Tesla on a global scale and secure an early advantage over traditional car manufacturers.
Leading technology companies, such as Microsoft, Amazon, and OpenAI, have united under a significant international accord for artificial intelligence (AI) safety measures, established at the Seoul AI Safety Summit on Tuesday 21st May 2024.
Following the agreement, firms from various nations, including the UK, China, Canada, the U.S., France, South Korea, and the United Arab Emirates, have pledged to voluntarily commit to the secure development of their cutting-edge AI models.
Framework
AI model developers who have not already done so agreed to issue safety frameworks that detail how they will address the challenges posed by their advanced models, including the prevention of technology misuse by malicious entities.
These frameworks will feature ‘red lines’ that tech companies will establish to delineate the types of risks associated with advanced AI systems that are deemed ‘unacceptable.’ These risks encompass, but are not limited to, automated cyberattacks and the potential for bioweapons.
Kill switch
In the event of such dire scenarios, companies have declared their intention to introduce a ‘kill switch’ that would halt the development of their AI models should they be unable to ensure the mitigation of these risks.
“It is unprecedented for so many prominent AI firms from diverse regions of the world to concur on identical commitments regarding AI safety,” Rishi Sunak, the UK Prime Minister reportedly said on Tuesday 21st May 2024.
He further noted that these commitments would guarantee that the world’s foremost AI companies will maintain transparency and accountability concerning their safe AI development strategies.
This agreement builds upon a prior set of pledges made in November 2023 by entities engaged in the creation of generative AI software.
The involved companies have consented to seek feedback on these standards from ‘trusted actors,’ which include their respective national governments when suitable, prior to their publication in anticipation of the forthcoming AI summit – the AI Action Summit scheduled to take place in France in early 2025.
Baidu, one of China’s leading search engine firms, surpassed analysts’ revenue forecasts for the Q1 on Thursday 16th May 2024.
This was predominately due to a recovery in advertising revenue and a surge in demand for its AI-driven cloud products.
The company announced a revenue of 31.51 billion yuan ($4.37 billion) for the quarter ending 31st March 2024, exceeding the average analyst projection of 31.21 billion yuan, according to a latest dataset.
Shares of Baidu listed in the U.S. saw an approximate 3% increase in premarket trading.
The tech giant has been actively enhancing its sales efforts focused on AI-centric products and services.
Tensions between Washington and Beijing have intensified, with the U.S. ramping up trade restrictions and sanctions on China due to national security concerns.
Since Ukraine’s invasion, there has been a roughly 12% drop in trade between the blocs, and foreign direct investments have decreased by 20% compared to those within the bloc’s constituents.
If these divisions persist, the IMF forecasts that the economic impact on global GDP could be as high as 7% in the worst-case scenario.
A senior International Monetary Fund official cautioned on Tuesday, 7th May 2024, that the rift between the U.S. led Western and China-aligned economic blocs endangers global trade cooperation and economic growth.
The EV named ‘Seagull’ sub $10,000 price tag. This vehicle will likely take-off!
Global automakers are becoming increasingly concerned that Chinese competitors, such as the Warren Buffett-endorsed BYD, might saturate their EV market with cheaper EVs, potentially undermining local production and reducing vehicle prices.
Concerns have been raised that this could damage national automotive industries, and balance sheets. However, it would undoubtedly benefit consumers by providing more affordable entry-level electric vehicles.
The BYD Seagull, an all-electric hatchback manufactured in China, is priced at only 69800 yuan (under $10,000) and is said to be profitable for the rapidly growing Chinese automaker.
There’s fear among global automakers that BYD and other Chinese rivals could flood their markets, undercutting domestic production and vehicle prices.
The Chinese are coming to a town near you – it’s just business.
China has reportedly prohibited the use of U.S. processors from both AMD and Intel in government computers and servers. The directive is designed to encourage the use of domestic alternatives.
Chinese government agencies are now required to choose ‘safe and reliable’ domestic alternatives for these chips. The sanctioned list features processors from Huawei and the state supported firm Phytium, both of which face bans in the U.S.
In addition to processors, China is now also restricting Microsoft Windows on government devices, opting instead for domestically produced operating systems.
These guidelines are part of a broader tech trade battles between China and the U.S. While the impact on Intel and AMD remains to be seen, it’s clear that China is taking aggressive steps to reduce reliance on U.S. built technology.
The global tech landscape continues to evolve, and these decisions have far-reaching implications for both countries and the industry as a whole.
U.S. and China trade tensions are unlikely to recede anytime soon.
A U.S. company has gone to the moon – and creates a little piece of history
Intuitive Machines’ Nova-C cargo lander, named ‘Odysseus’ after the mythological Greek hero, is the first U.S. spacecraft to soft land on the lunar surface since 1972.
Japan, India and China have all had recent successful moon mission ahead of the U.S.
Intuitive Machines is the first company to pull off a moon landing – government agencies have carried out all previously successful missions.
The company’s stock surged in extended trading Thursday, after falling 11% in regular trading.
Lander visual
Hunt for water
The targeted landing site was a cratered terrain next to a 5km-high mountain complex known as Malapert. It’s the southernmost point on the Moon ever visited by a spacecraft.
It’s on the shortlist of locations where Nasa is considering sending astronauts later this decade as part of its Artemis programme.
It is reported that there are some deep craters in this region that never see any sunlight – they’re permanently in shadow – and scientists believe frozen water could be inside them.
Art illustration on Intuitive Machines luna lander
Art illustration on Intuitive Machines luna lander
In 2023 Apple became the biggest smartphone vendor by shipments in China for the first time.
Last year, Honor, a spin-off from Chinese company Huawei, held the second spot with almost a 17% market share, followed by Vivo, Huawei and then Oppo.
One of the biggest changes in 2023 was Huawei’s return to the top five in China in the Q4. The iphone has been one of the world’s best-selling selling products of all time.
Since the introduction of the Appleiphone in 2007 by Steve Jobs, its inventor and company joint founder, it has gone on to sell 2.3 billion and has over 1.5 billion ‘active’ users. Not bad for a product that investors initially called ‘dead on arrival’ due to lack of interest and sales.
Nokia 3310
In 2007 the Nokia 3310 was the clear market leader and easily king of the mobile phone market. Nokia sold 7.4 million units in 2007 – Apple sold just 1.4 million. Nokia was the ‘go to product’. But not for long.
Oh my, how things have changed. Apple is the now the world’s best-selling product (not just the world’s best-selling phone) – with Nokia and many others left trailing in the dust.
Apple app store
It was the apps that done it; having a product that could be any number of different ‘products’ in one and held in your hand was a game changer – and that changed the world.
The rest is history.
Apple share price chart from 1984 (the year the Apple Macintosh was introduced)
Apple share price chart from 1984 (the year the Apple mac was introduced)
China, which consumes over half of the global coal demand and produces over 4 billion tonnes of coal per year.
India, which consumes about 14% of the global coal demand and produces over 900 million tonnes of coal per year.
The United States, which consumes about 9% of the global coal demand and produces over 600 million tonnes of coal per year.
Japan, which consumes about 3% of the global coal demand but imports most of its coal.
These countries accounted for about 82% of the global coal production in 2021 according to 2021 data set. China alone produced more than half of the world’s coal, followed by India with nearly 10%.
Global coal use in 2023 hits few high
Global coal use in 2023 has hit a record high, surpassing 8.5 billion tons for the first time, on the back of strong demand in countries like India and China, said IEA. These countries are the world’s largest consumers of the dirtiest fossil fuel, and continued modernization puts their energy consumption on a rapid growth trajectory.
China
China and India’s growing economies will continue to fuel demand for coal even as they set ambitious renewable energy targets, according to experts.
While China is the world’s largest energy consumer, India is ranked third globally, and both countries are the top consumers of coal as they strive to fuel economic growth.
Global coal usage in 2023hit a record high, surpassing 8.5 billion tons for the first time, on the back of strong demand in emerging and developing countries such as India and China, IEA noted in a recent report.
China’s electricity sector has been in the throes of a clean revolution over the past few years, with an almost five-fold growth in wind and solar generation since 2015. As a result, the share of coal generation has fallen by 17 percentage points, from 78% in 2000 to 61% in 2022.
China has suffered from drought in recent years, which reduced hydroelectric power generation in its southern provinces. To maintain the necessary power output, the country had to turn to coal.
United States
By contrast, U.S., which is the world’s second largest consumer of coal, has seen a decrease in its usage of the fuel. According to the Institute for Energy Economics and Financial Analysis, the amount of coal that the superpower consumes each day recorded a 62% drop from 2.8 million to 1.1 million tons a day.
75% of India’s power is derived via coal-fired plants. Coal accounts for 61% of China’s power generation, even though the country is recognized as the indisputable leader in renewable energy expansion. It has been adding new projects to the grid almost as fast as the rest of the world combined in 2022 and has ambitions of becoming carbon neutral by 2060.
Annual average capacity additions by country and region, 2016-2023
India’s coal production rose to 893 million tons during the financial year ending March 2023, jumping nearly 15% from a year earlier. China’s raw coal production in 2023 went up by 2.9% compared with the same period in 2022.
There are no signs of a slowdown, with the IEA saying coal consumption in India and Southeast Asia is projected to grow significantly.
Coal won’t go!
But the lack of reliability of renewables means coal has still very much been a critical fallback option for the two countries.
Top five coal producing countries in the world
China: 4,126.0 million tonnes
India: 762.0 million tonnes
Indonesia: 614.0 million tonnes
United States: 523.8 million tonnes
Australia: 467.1 million tonnes
Five of the Greenest energy producers in the world
Sweden
Norway
Denmark
Finland
Switzerland
The greenest were based on these five criteria: carbon emissions, energy transition, green society, clean innovation, and climate policy.
Top countries by renewable energy production
China: 2,271.9 TWh (28.2% of total electricity)
United States: 804.8 TWh (20.5% of total electricity)
Brazil: 491.9 TWh (83.3% of total electricity)
Canada: 433.6 TWh (66.9% of total electricity)
India: 303.5 TWh (24.5% of total electricity)
Note: three of the world’s worst offenders of fossil fuel use are also in the top five for energy production by renewables – China, U.S. and India.
In a significant development that has raised concerns among investors and policymakers worldwide, China’s debt outlook has been downgraded as the country grapples with a slowing economy. This move reflects growing apprehensions about the sustainability of China’s economic growth and its ability to manage its burgeoning debt.
Moody’s issued the warning as it cut its outlook on the government’s debt to negative, from stable. China said it was disappointed by the move, calling the economy resilient. China also reported to have said it is unnecessary for Moody’s to worry about China’s economic growth prospects and fiscal sustainability.
Rapid Expansion
For years, China’s rapid economic expansion has been the engine of global growth, but recent trends indicate a deceleration. The once double-digit growth rates have now tapered, with projections suggesting a further slowdown in the coming years.
China exports
This deceleration is attributed to various factors, including trade tensions, demographic shifts, and a maturing economy.
Downgrade
The downgrade, announced by a prominent credit rating agency recently, underscores the risks associated with China’s increasing debt levels. The country’s total debt, which includes government, household, and corporate debt, has climbed to around 85%* of its GDP. This debt accumulation is partly due to the government’s efforts to stimulate the economy through infrastructure spending and lending to state-owned enterprises.
Property Sector
The property sector, a significant pillar of China’s economy, has also shown signs of strain. High-profile defaults and a cooling housing market have added to the concerns, prompting fears of a ripple effect across the economy. The government’s crackdown on excessive borrowing and speculative investments has further tightened liquidity, impacting developers and homeowners alike.
The burden of debt sits heavy in China’s property sector.
Response
In response to the downgrade, China’s finance ministry has expressed confidence in the country’s economic resilience. Officials argue that the fundamentals of the Chinese economy remain strong, with continued efforts towards high-quality development and structural reforms. They assert that the concerns raised by the credit agencies are overstated and that China’s fiscal position remains robust.
Warning signal
Nevertheless, the downgrade should serve as a warning signal. It highlights the need for careful fiscal management and policy adjustments to navigate the challenges ahead. As the global economy faces uncertainty, the world will be closely watching how China addresses its debt dilemma and maintains its trajectory of growth.
This situation presents a complex puzzle for China’s leadership, balancing the goals of economic stability and sustainable development. The outcome will have far-reaching implications, not just for China but for the entire global economy.
The world awaits to see how China will write the next chapter in its remarkable economic story. If this goes wrong – it will go wrong in a big way.
Update Friday 8th December 2023
China’s top decision-making body of the ruling Communist Party on Friday said that the country’s fiscal policy ‘must be moderately strengthened’ to stimulate economic recovery, according to state-run news outlet.
85%* debt to GDP ratio
China’s debt-to-GDP ratio was recorded at around 77% of the country’s Gross Domestic Product in 2022. This ratio is an important indicator of a country’s economic health, reflecting its ability to pay back its debts. This ratio has been on the rise in recent years, indicating an increase in national debt relative to the GDP. For instance, the ratio was around 23% in 2000 and grew to 34% in 2012, with a significant jump to the current level.
China’s projected debt to GDP ration
Forecasts suggest that China’s debt-to-GDP ratio could reach 104% by 2028
It’s important to note that such figures can vary and should be interpreted within the context of each country’s economic structure and policies.
China’s factory activity contracted for a second month in a row in November 2023.
Non-manufacturing activity hit yet another new low this year, signalling that the world’s second-largest economy was still not out of the woods and may require more policy support.
The official manufacturing purchasing managers’ index unexpectedly dropped slightly lower to 49.4 in November 2023 from 49.5 in October 2023, according to data from the National Bureau of Statistics released Thursday 30th November 2023.
Shares of Chinese electric vehicle manufacturers took a hit on Thursday 18th October 2023 after Tesla reported disappointing 3Q results on Wednesday 17th October 2023.
It was the first time Tesla, co-founded by Elon Musk, missed on both earnings and revenue since Q2 2019.
On Thursday morning, Hong Kong-listed shares of Chinese EV makers BYD and Xpeng fell approximately 2.18% and 8.76%. Li Auto slid 3.14%, while Nio and Geely dropped 8.36% and 3.97%.
Elon Musk reportedly cautioned that the Tesla Cybertruck, the electric full-size pickup truck model; would not deliver substantial positive cashflow for 12-18 months after production begins.
Musk reportedly said the company is working to bring down the prices of its cars amid high interest rates. ‘I’m worried about the high interest rate environment we’re in,’ he said, adding that it will be much harder for consumers to purchase cars if interest rates were to increase further.
Tesla shares down
Tesla shares closed 4.78% lower on Wednesday 17th October 2023. Other U.S. EV rivals Lucid and Rivian fell more than 9% on the same day. Lucid’s stock dropped a day earlier after it reported disappointing Q3 EV deliveries.
Tesla shares closed 4.78% lower on Wednesday 17th October 2023.
In the first six months of the year, BYD was the world’s top EV manufacturer, contributing 21% of global sales of EVs, according to research firm Canalys. Tesla trailed behind at second place with 15% market share while German carmaker Volkswagen held 7% market share in third place.
Price pressure
EV players are under pressure from a price war to gain market share amid intense competition.
Tesla introduced a number of price cuts over the last few months, especially in China – the world’s biggest EV market.
Rivals BYD, Nio, Li Auto and Xpeng have also joined Tesla in lowering the prices for some of their EV models.
Shares in BYD, (Build Your Dreams), jumped this week after it said it expected third-quarter profits to more than double compared with last year.
BYD is now ahead of Tesla in quarterly production – and second to the U.S. car maker in global sales.
The curbs are aimed at closing loopholes that became apparent after the U.S. announced export curbs on microchips in October 2022. The restrictions are designed to prevent China’s military from importing advanced semiconductors or equipment.
Nvidia has said in a filing that the new export restrictions will block sales of two high-end artificial intelligence chips it created for the Chinese market – A800 and H800. It said that one of its gaming chips will also be blocked.
Nvidia Corp one month chart – closed at 439.38 17th October 2023
Although the curbs also affect other chip makers, analysts believe Nvidia will be hit the hardest because China accounts for up to 25% of its revenues from data centre chip sales. Nvidia’s shares, which are considered a star stock, fell by as much as 4.7% in the wake of the announcement.
Semiconductor Industry Association
The Semiconductor Industry Association, which represents 99% of the U.S. semiconductor industry by revenue, said in a statement that the new measures are ‘overly broad‘ and ‘risk harmingthe U.S. semiconductor structure without advancing national security as they encourage overseas customers to source elsewhere’.
China reacts
A spokesperson for the Chinese embassy also said that it ‘firmly opposes‘ the new restrictions, which also target Iran and Russia and go into effect in 30 days.
Nvidia stock falls after restrictions on AI chip exports from U.S. to China
Two months ago, China retaliated by restricting exports of two materials, gallium and germanium, which are key to the semiconductor industry.
The materials are ‘minor metals‘, meaning that they are not usually found on their own in nature, and are often the by-product of other processes. It’s not only the U.S., Japan and the Netherlands – which is home to key chip equipment maker ASML – have also imposed chip technology export restrictions on China.
Fallout
The constant ‘fall-out’ between the world’s two biggest economies has raised concerns over the rise of so-called ‘resource nationalism‘ – a practice where governments hoard critical materials to exert influence over other countries.
Baidu also announced that more than 6 million users have used an AI powered tool that sits inside its Google drive-like cloud product.
At the 4th September event, Baidu also demonstrated ‘displayed generative’ AI-based products that could assist with traffic management, financial research and coal mine logistics.
ChatGPT, from Microsoft-backed OpenAI, is not officially available in China, where Google and Facebook are blocked.
10 new AI products announced by Baidu
Chinese tech giant Baidu announced more than 10 new AI-based applications on 4th September 2023, just days after its ChatGPT-like Ernie bot was released for public use.
Among the products revealed was a generative AI-integrated word processing app called WPS AI, created by Shanghai-listed Kingsoft Office. It was reported the company built the tool using the AI model on which Baidu’s Ernie bot is based, as well as Baidu’s ‘Qianfan’ cloud platform for AI models.
‘This AI malarchy is progressing at quite a rate’.
Nearly 10,000 businesses are actively using Baidu’s Qianfan cloud platform each month, the company claimed.
AI assistant
Baidu also announced that more than 6 million users have used an AI-powered tool that sits inside its Google drive-like cloud product. The AI assistant can search documents, summarize and translate text and create content, the company claimed.
It wasn’t immediately clear to what extent those products were available for public use.
On 31st August 2023, Baidu released its Ernie bot to the public, signaling government approval of the AI-powered chatbot. Other Chinese companies also released similar AI products around the same time.
Ha Jiang, is a virtual online idol, and only exists online.
Ha Jiang signed a record deal with Whet Records, Warner Music Group’s pan-Asian dance label in China, in 2021. Ha Jiang is the first virtual idol to conduct a record deal with a major label. The virtual idol uses AI technology to create music and has become an online sensation in Asia.
Ha Jiang online music avatar. She is a virtual artist who uses artificial intelligence to create music
Virtual AI artist
Ha Jiang is a virtual artist who uses artificial intelligence to create music. She is the first virtual idol to sign a record deal with a major label, Whet Records, which is Warner Music Group’s pan-Asian dance label in China. My understanding is that the music was composed by humans, so not entirely AI generated then.
Would this also work in west – is it time to be concerned?
She already has more than 100,000 followers in China and is known for her sense of style and fashion. She is also a social influencer who has been hired by the city of Shanghai to promote safe driving. Ha Jiang is not a real person, but a computer-generated avatar who only exists online. She is part of a growing phenomenon of virtual idols in Asia, especially among Gen-Z fans.
Endel,is a sound startup company that uses artificial intelligence to create personalized audio tracks. Endel was the first to sign a record deal with Warner Music Group in 2019 to release 20 albums of ambient music.
China’s central bank has cut one of its key interest rates for the second time in three months as the world’s second-largest economy struggles to bounce back from the pandemic.
The country’s post-Covid recovery has been hit by a property crisis, falling exports and weak consumer spending. In contrast, other major economies have raised rates to tackle high inflation. Raising interest rates to tackle inflation is likely creating a econmic problem all of its own for many contries caught in the inflation trap.
The PBOC last cut its one-year rate, on which most of China’s household and business loans are based, in June 2023 – demonstrating China’s commitment to reviving the economy. Economists had also expected the bank to lower its five-year loan rate, which the country’s mortgages are pegged to. However, this was unchanged at 4.2%. In a surprise move mid-August 2023, short and medium-term rates were also cut.
More stimulus
China will need a much bigger stimulus package to boost confidence to drive up consumption and growth. Without it, the economy is risking faltering into deflation which will make it even harder to recover. More rate cuts could be announced in conjunction with government spending, as well as targeted measures to help the property market.
China struggling to shake off the effect of the 2020 pandemic
Beijing is trying to restore confidence, but officials will also be mindful of the long-term implications of the policies may create. China’s economy has struggled to overcome several major issues in the wake of the pandemic, which saw much of the world shut down.
Property problems
Concerns with China’s property market still remain and were highlighted again when ongoing crisis-hit real estate giant Evergrande filed for bankruptcy protection in the U.S in August. The heavily-indebted company is attempting to arrange a multi-billion dollar deal with creditors.
Also, earlier this month, another of the country’s biggest property developers, Country Garden, warned that it could see a loss of up to $7.6bn (£6bn) for the first six months of the year. At the same time data showed China had slipped into deflation for the first time in more than two years. That was as the official consumer price index, a measure of inflation, fell by 0.3% last in July 2023 from a year earlier.
Exports, imports and youth employment figures
Official figures indicated that China’s imports and exports fell sharply in July 2023 as weaker global demand threatened the country’s recovery prospects.
China exports and imports slow July 2023
Beijing has also stopped releasing youth unemployment figures, which were seen by some as a key indication of the country’s slowdown. In June 2023, China’s jobless rate for 16 to 24-year-olds in urban areas climbed to a record high of more than 20%.
There is a serious ongoing message here of concern and worry for global stock markets, and not just from China – do we need to act now?
